第一步 作业检查

1．Remind students of what they learnt in the last period.

2．Get students to read out their dialogue or short passage in front of the class.

第二步 查找探究

1. Page37 Exercise 1.Ask students to work in groups of four to find out（1）the differences between Sentences A and B;（2）which sentence is better;（3）why it is better. Have each group choose a student to present their views to the class.

2． Ask students to find out the ellipsis sentences from the reading part.

3. Get students to work in pairs to discuss which part of speech is ommited.

第三步 理解归纳

省略

莎士比亚曾经说过：Brevity is the soul of wit.（言以简为贵）。为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语，甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略。

一、省略的目的

省略多见于非正式文体，尤其在对话中，省略是一种普遍的现象。英语中的省略一般说来有三个目的：

1．避免重复，减少累赘

省略的主要目的是避免重复，去掉不必要的累赘和繁琐。

Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day.

Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't.

迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是他并没有来。

（省掉最后九个词，句子简洁了许多）

2．连接紧密，结构紧凑

省略也是使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。

John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998.

约翰是 1994 年的获胜者，鲍勃是 1998 年的获胜者。

（Bob 后省略了 was the winner，句子结构显得比较紧凑）

3．强调重点，突出信息

省略的另一作用是突出新的信息

Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud. 真理讲话声太低，虚伪讲话声太高。

（后一分句省略谓语 speaks，突出了 too loud）

二、句子成分的省略

为了避免重复，或者为了使某一内容引人注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。

1．省略主语

Beg your pardon.请你原谅。

（= I beg your pardon.））

Serves you right. 你活该

（= It serves you right.）

2．省略谓语

Anything the matter? 要紧吗？

（= Is anything the matter?）

The river was deep and the ice thin. 河很深，冰很薄。

（= The river was deep and the ice was thin.）

3．省略表语

Are you ready? Yes,I am.

你准备好了吗？我准备好了。

（am 后面省略了表语 ready）

4．省略宾语

We have to analyze and solve problems.

我们必须分析问题并解决问题。

(analyze 后省略了宾语 problems)

Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.

我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。

（wash 和 dry 后面省略了宾语 dishes）

5．省略定语

He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.

他花了一部分钱，其余的都存了起来。

（the rest 后面省略了定语 of the money）

6．省略状语

（Even）The wisest man cannot know everything.

即使最聪明的人也不可能无所不知。

省略在句子中的应用

在一个句子中，省略可分为依赖上下文省略和不依赖上下文省略两种。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。

1．简单句中的省略

依赖上下文的省略在对话中最为常用。

Like more beer?

再要点啤酒吗？

（= Would you like more beer?）

—World you mind if I used your telephone?

用一下你的电话，你介意吗？

—Not at all. 一点也不。

（= I do not mind at all.）

—Will he pass this examination?

他这次考试会通过吗？

—Probably. 大概会的。

（= He will probably pass the examination.）

不依赖于上下文的省略。

All aboard! 请上船。

（= All go aboard.省略谓语）

Haven't seen you for ages!

好久不见了！（省略主语 I）

What about having a game of chess?

下盘棋怎么样？

Sounds like a good idea.

听上去是个好主意。

2．并列句中的省略

（=It sounds like a good idea. 省略主语）

Everybody appears well prepared.

看起来大家都准备好了。

（= Everybady appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式 to be）

并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分，常常可以省略掉，以避免重复。通常被省略的可以是主语、谓语、宾语或其他万分，或句子万分的一部分。省略出现在后一分句

John likes collecting stamps but (John) hates listening to music.

约翰喜欢集邮但不喜欢听音乐。 （省略主语）

省略出现在前一分句

We can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will,win tomorrow's match.

我们能够，而且一定会在明天的比赛中获胜。（前一分句省略谓语 + 宾语）

前后两个分句都出现省略

They can (pay the full fee ) and (they)should pay the full fee.

复合句中的省略

在主从复合句中，活力的现象是很普遍的。

省略主句的句首部分。

（I'm）Sorry I couldn't go.

很抱歉，我不能去。

省略整个主句或主句的一部分（回答问题时常用）。

（It is a）Pity he's failed.

很遗憾，他失败了。

If he says he'll come, he will(come).

3．在一些状语从句中，如果谓语动词是 be，主语又和主句的主语一致，或者主语是 it，常常可以把从句中的主语和 be 省略掉。

以 when, while, once, until 等连词引导的时间状语从句。

When (you are) in Rome do as Rome does.

入国问禁，入乡随俗。

4．在比较从句中通常把和主句重复的部分省掉。

省略谓语的全部

James enjoys the theeartre more than Susun.

詹姆斯比苏姗更喜欢戏剧。

Tom has as many books as Jack.

汤姆有跟杰克一样多的书。

省略主语和谓语的一部分

Brown speaks French as fluently as English.

布朗说法语和英语一样流利。（as 后省略了 he speaks）

省略表语部分

Mrs White is not so young as she looks.

怀特夫人没有看上去那样年轻。（looks 后省略了 young）

省略主语和谓语的大部分，保留状语

He is working harder than before.

他现在工作比过去努力多了。（than 后省略了 he worked hard）

省略主语

He drank a little more than was good for him.

他喝酒稍有一点过量。（than 后省略了 it）

省略宾语

You spent more money than I had expected.

你花掉的钱比我预料的多。

（expected 后省略了that you should spend）

省略从句的全部

You are getting slimmer.

你越来越苗条了。（simmer 后省略了than you were before）

主句和从句中可同时省略一些成分。

The sooner (this is done), the better(it will be).

第四步 巩固应用（四人小组活动竞赛）

Page37. Using structures

Exercise 2

1. Ask students to work in pairs of four.

2. Give them five minutes to finish the work.

Exercise 2

1. Give them five minutes to finish the work.

2. Two in pairs exchange and talk about their answers.

3. Teacher gives the keys.

第五步 随堂小测

一、单项选择：

1. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ______.

A.the other is white          B.another white

C.the other white             D.another is white

2. — Write to me when you get home,

   — ______.

A. I must    B. I should    C. I will     D.I can

3. — You should have thanked her before you left.

   —I meant______, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.

A.to do    B.to    C.doing    D.doing so

4. When ______, the museun will be open to the public next year.

A. completed    B. completing    C. being completed    D. to be completed

5. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if whether he was going in the right direction.

A. seeing     B. having seen     C.to have seen     D.to see

6. — Your coffee smells great!

   —It's from Mexico. Would you like ______?

A.it    B.some    C. this    D.little

7. ______ The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?

A. I guess not so    B. I don't guess    C. I don't guess so    D. I guess not

8. The police found that the house ______ and a lot of things ______.

A. has broken into, has been stolen    B. had broken into, had been stolen

C. has been broken into, stolen        D. had been broken into, stolen

9. The pianos in the other shop will be ______, but ______.

A. cheaper, not as better      B. more cheap, not as better

C. cheaper, not as good        D. more cheap, not as good

10. John gives me more help than .

A. Tom is       B. Tom has       C. Tom does       D. Tom gives

11. — I usually go there by train.

    — Why not ______ by boat for a change?

A. to try going        B. trying to go

C. to try and go       D. try going

12. — I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?

    — Not at all______.

A. I've no time    B. I'd rather not    C. I'd like it     D. I'd be happy to

13. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______.

A. not to       B. not to do       C. not do it       D. do not to

14. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, but I can't remember ______.

A. where       B. there       C. which       D. that

15. — Nancy is not coming tonight.

    — But she ______?

A. promises       B. promised       C. will promise       D. had promised

16. ______ the temperature, ______ water turns into steam.

A. The high, the fast                B. Higher, faster

C. The more higher, the faster       D. The higher, the faster

17. I______ and will never ask such a silly question.

A. have never       B. never       C. have never asked       D.never asked

18. — Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?

    — ______.

A. I don't believe       B. I don't believe it

C. I believe not so      D. I believe not

19. Don't speak all at once! ______, please.

A. Each at one time       B. One by one time       C.One for each time       D. One at a time

20. — Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.

    — ______.

A.I don't       B.I won't       C.I can't       D.I haven't

KEYS：

CCBAD BDDCC DDACB DCDDB

第六步 布置作业

复习语法省略句。